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“从而” can be translated into “thus” in English, and it’s used to indicate the result or further action of action. “从而” is often used in written Chinese.
Action, 从而 + Further Action / Result
e.g.
我们应该找一个更有效的方法，从而节省时间。(Wǒmen yīnɡɡāi zhǎo yí ɡè ɡènɡ yǒu xiào de fānɡfǎ, cónɡ’ér jiéshěnɡ shíjiān.) We should look for a more efficient way to save time.
可以找几个明星来做代言，从而提升我们产品的知名度。(Kěyǐ zhǎo jǐ ɡè mínɡxīnɡ lái zuò dàiyán，cónɡ’ér tíshēnɡ women chánpǐn de zhīmínɡdù.) We can look for several celebrities as our spokesman to increase our popularity of our product.
他每天坚持锻炼一个小时，从而瘦了十斤。(Tā měitiān jiānchí duànliàn yí ɡè xiǎoshí, cónɡ’ér shòu le shí jīn.) He insists on exercising for one hour every day, so he reduced 10 jin.
我们看了很多资料，进行了多次实验，从而找到了最佳解决方法。(Wǒmen kàn le hěn duō zīliào, jìnxínɡ le duō cì shíyàn, cónɡ’ér zhǎodào le zuì jiā jiějué fānɡfǎ.) We have seen lots of materials and carried out many experiments, so we find the best solution finally.
“一旦” is similar to “once” in English and it’s used to express what would happen after a certain condition is met. “就” can be used with “一旦” to mean “once…then…”.
一旦 + Condition，Subject + (就) + Result
e.g.
一旦开始了，机器就不能停下来。(Yídàn kāishǐ le, jīqì jiù bù nénɡ tínɡ xiàlái.) Once started, the machine can’t be stopped.
一旦发生什么事，你要负责任。(Yídàn fāshēnɡ shénme shì, nǐ yào fù zérèn.) Once something has happened, you’re responsible.
Subject + 一旦 + Condition，(就) + Result
e.g
这个东西一旦弄坏了，没有人能修好。(Zhèɡe dōnɡxi yídàn nònɡhuài le, méiyǒu rén nénɡ xiūhǎo.) Once it’s been broken, nobody can repair it.
你一旦放弃了，就什么都没了。(Nǐ yídàn fànɡqì le, jiù shénme dōu méi le.) Once you give up, you will lose everything.
“完了” can be translated into “then” in English, and it’s often used alone in a sentence, and after it there is a further explanation of something or a new topic. “完了” is often applied in oral Chinese.
……，完了……
e.g.
我以为只错了一道题，完了检查完后发现全错了。(Wǒ yǐwéi zhǐ cuòle yí dào tí, wánle jiǎnchá wán hòu fāxiàn quán cuò le.) I thought I just made one mistake, but then I found I made all wrong after check.
明天要考试，完了后天还有一门考试，最近的考试太多了。(Mínɡtiān yào kǎoshì, wánle hòutiān háiyǒu yì mén kǎoshì, zuìjìn de kǎoshì tài duō le.) There is a test tomorrow, and there is another test the day after tomorrow. There are so many tests recently.
她刚开始想吃面条，完了,过了十分钟又不想吃面条了，想吃饺子，她到底想吃什么？(Tā ɡānɡ kāishǐ xiǎnɡ chī miàntiáo, wánle ɡuòle shí fēnzhōnɡ yòu bù xiǎnɡ chī miàntiáole, xiǎnɡ chī jiaozi, tā dàodǐ xiǎnɡ chī shénme?) She wanted to eat noodles at the beginning, and then, after ten minutes, she said she didn’t want to it anymore and she wanted to eat Jiaozi. So what on earth does she want to eat?
“加上” can be translated into “add to it that” in English, and it’s used to indicate a further explanation based on the previous one. “再” can also be put before “加上” to form “再加上”.
Reason 1 / Condition 1, (再) 加上 + Reason 2 / Condition 2
e.g.
他变得这么胖，是因为他吃得多，加上又不爱运动。(Tā biànde zhème pànɡ, shì yīnwèi tā chide duō，jiāshànɡ yòu bú ài yùndònɡ.) He becomes so fat because he eats too much but dislikes to workout.
诱人的香味，加上漂亮的造型，这道菜一出来就获得了大家的喜爱。(Yòurén de xiānɡwèi, jiāshànɡ piàoliɑnɡde zàoxínɡ, zhè dào cài yì chūlái jiù huòdé le dàjiāde xǐ’ài.) A delicious aroma and nice shape, this dish obtains the affection of all people when it comes out.
我要加班，再加上那个地方太远了，所以我不去了。(Wǒ yào jiā bān, zài jiāshànɡ nàɡè dìfɑnɡ tài yuan le, suǒyǐ wǒ bú qù le.) I’m going to work late and that place is so far, so I can’t go there.
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