The Directional Complement（5）- 趋向补语 (5)

The Directional Complement（5）- 趋向补语 (5)

Besides expressing the direction of action, the directional complements still have some extensive uses.

Verb / Adjective + 下来  

“下来” after a verb can indicate different meanings.

Verb + 下来

（1）It indicates making something stay or stop in a certain place or form by performing an action. Verbs like “停” “留” “写” “记” etc. are usually used.

e.g.

他慢慢把车停下来了。(Tā mànmàn bǎ chē tínɡ xiàlái le.) He stopped his car gradually.

你把这个词写下来。(Nǐ bǎ zhèɡe cí xiě xiàlái.) You write this word down.

今天太晚了，你们就留下来吧！(Jīntiān tài wǎn le, nǐmen jiù liú xiàlái bɑ!) Since it’s too late tonight, you all stay up here!

(2) It indicates making something separated or divided from a whole part. Verbs like “脱” “砍” “切” “剪” “拿” etc. are usually used.

e.g.

弟弟把书上的花剪下来了。(Dìdi bǎ shū shànɡ de huā jiǎn xiàlái le.) The younger brother cut the flower from the book.

他把外套脱下来挂在了衣架上。(Tā bǎ wàitào tuō xiàlái ɡuàzài le yījiàshànɡ.) He took off the coat and put it on the hanger.

砍下来的树枝可以种到其他地方。(Kǎn xiàlái de shùzhī kěyǐ zhǒnɡ dào qítā dìfɑnɡ.) The chopped branches can be planted in other places.

“下来” can also be used after an adjective to indicate a state has changed from dynamic to static state, from light to dark, from strong to weak, from fat to thin, etc.

Adjective + 下来

e.g.

天渐渐暗下来了。(Tiān jiànjiàn àn xiàlái le.) It becomes dark gradually.

妹妹不哭了，逐渐安静下来了。(Mèimei bù kū le, zhújiàn ānjìnɡ xiàlái le.) The younger sister stopped crying and gradually calm down.

经过一个月的运动，他终于瘦下来了。(Jīnɡɡuò yíɡè yuè de yùndònɡ, tā zhōnɡyú shòu xiàlái le.) After working out for one month, he finally got thin.

 

 Verb / Adjective + 下去

“下去” after a verb or an adjective indicates an action or a state that starts or has occurred and will continue in the future.

Verb / Adjective + 下去

e.g.

一直学下去，你的汉语水平会提高的。(Yìzhí xué xiàqu, nǐ de Hànyǔ shuǐpínɡ huì tíɡāode.) Keep learning, your Chinese will be improved.

这里真好，我想在这里住下去。(Zhèlǐ zhēn hǎo, wǒ xiǎnɡ zài zhèlǐ zhù xiàqu.) It’s nice here. I want to stay here.

天越来越冷了，天气预报说还会冷下去。(Tiān yuè lái yuè lěnɡ le, tiānqì yùbào shuō hái huì lěnɡ xiàqu.) It becomes colder, and the weather forecast said it will continue.

他对玩具车的兴趣逐渐淡了下去。(Tā duì wánjùchē de xìnɡqù zhújiàn dàn le xiàqu.) He has gradually lost interest in playmobile.

 

Verb / Adjective + 起来

“起来” after a verb or an adjective indicates the action or state begins or will keep going on.

Verb / Adjective + 起来

e.g.

他把礼物藏了起来。(Tā bǎ lǐwù cánɡle qǐlái.) He hid the gift.

他们突然叫了起来。(Tāmen tūrán jiàole qǐlái.) They screamed suddenly.

怎么样才能让妈妈高兴起来呢？(Zěnmeyànɡ cái nénɡ rànɡ māmɑ ɡāoxìnɡ qǐlái ne?) How can I make Mum happy?

听到这个消息，他伤心了起来。(Tīnɡdào zhèɡe xiāoxi, tā shānɡxīn le qǐlái.) He became sad after hearing of this news.

Verb + 过来

“过来” after a verb indicates coming back to the former or normal state.

Verb + 过来

e.g.

他终于醒过来了。(Tā zhōnɡyú xǐnɡ ɡuòlái le.) He finally got around.

小鸟活过来了。(Xiǎoniǎo huó ɡuòlái le.) The little bird lived through.

这个地方写错了，你改过来吧。(Zhèɡe dìfɑnɡ xiěcuò le, nǐ ɡǎi ɡuòlái bɑ.) You wrote it wrong here, so you need to correct it.