The complement of the result indicates the result of an action or a change in something. Since most Mandarin verbs do not indicate the result, the result complement is more basic and confirms whether a verb is completed successfully or not.
Verb + Verbal / Adjective result complement
Common verbal result complement: 完, 懂, 会 and, etc.
Common adjective result complement: 对, 错, 好, 清楚, 干净, 坏 and etc.
Note that If there is an object in the sentence, the object is either followed or preceded by the structure. No words are used in between the structure “verb + result complement”.
Subject + Verb + Result Complement + (Object)
e.g.
Ran out of my money.
我的钱用完了。(Wǒ de qián yòng wánle.)
我用完了我的钱。(Wǒyòng wánle wǒ de qián.)
衣服洗干净了。(Yīfu xǐ gānjìngle.) The clothes were washed clean.
The Negative form:
Subject + 没/没有 + Verb + Result complement + (Object)
In the negative form, “了” can’t be used in the end.
e.g.
我没说错,他说错了。(Wǒ méi shuō cuò, tā shuō cuòle.) I was right, he was wrong.
这个问题我没有听懂。(Zhège wèntí wǒ méiyǒu tīng dǒng.) I did not understand this question.
Interrogative form:
Subject + Verb + Result Complement + (Object) + 了 + 吗?
e.g.
你学会汉语了吗?(Nǐ xuéhuì hànyǔle ma?) Have you learned Chinese?
你看清楚那辆车了吗?(Nǐ kàn qīngchǔ nà liàng chēle ma?) Did you see the car clearly?
Subject + Verb + Result Complement + (Object) + (了) + 没有?
e.g.
今天的作业写完了没有?(Jīntiān de zuòyè xiě wán le méiyǒu?) Have you done the homework today?
这个数学题看懂了没有?(Zhègè shùxué tí kàn dǒng le méiyǒu?) Did you understand this math problem or not?
Subject + Verb + 没 + Verb + Result Complement + (Object)?
e.g.
你学没学会自行车?(Nǐ xué méi xué huì zìxíngchē?) Have you mastered how to ride a bike or not?
我写没写错这个汉字?(Wǒ xiě méi xiě cuò zhè gè hànzì?) Did I write this character wrong or not?
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One Response
You could assist with word meaning eg zongshi