All Chinese Complex Sentences Structures Collection

Coordinate Compound Sentence 并列复句

A coordinate compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses. Each clause discusses different topics or aspects of the same thing and is equally important. They are connected without any special words.

Elementary Level Coordinate Compound Sentences in Chinese

一边……,一边…… (yībiān……,yībiān……)我一边看电视,一边吃饭。 (Wǒ yībiān kàn diànshì, yībiān chīfàn.)I was watching TV while eating.
……,也…… (……, yě……)这个孩子喜欢唱歌,也喜欢游泳。 (Zhège háizi xǐhuān chànggē, yě xǐhuān yóuyǒng.)The child likes to sing and also likes to swim.
一会儿……一会儿…… (yīhuìr……,yīhuìr……)今天的天气一会儿冷,一会儿热。 (Jīntiān de tiānqì yīhuìr lěng, yīhuìr rè.)It is sometimes cold and sometimes hot today.
 看电影时,大家一会儿笑,一会儿哭。 (Kàn diànyǐng shí, dàjiā yīhuìr xiào, yīhuìr kū.)When watching the movie, everyone laughs and cries for a while.
一方面……,另一方面…… (yī fāngmiàn……,lìng yī fāngmiàn……)我们一方面要知道自己的优点,另一方面也要知道自己的缺点。这样才能找到合适的工作。 (Wǒmen yī fāngmiàn yào zhīdào zìjǐ de yōudiǎn, lìng yī fāngmiàn yě yào zhīdào zìjǐ de quēdiǎn. Zhèyàng cáinéng zhǎodào héshì de gōngzuò.)On the one hand, we need to know our own strengths, and on the other hand, we also need to know our own shortcomings. Only in this way can you find a suitable job.
 想学好中文,一方面,学生要多学多练;另一方面,好老师也很重要。 (Xiǎng xuéhǎo zhōngwén, yī fāngmiàn, xuéshēng yào duō xué duō liàn; lìng yī fāngmiàn, hǎo lǎoshī yě hěn zhòngyào.)To learn Chinese well, on the one hand, students need to learn more and practice more; on the other hand, a good teacher is also very important.
又……,又…… (yòu……,yòu……)这个孩子又会说汉语,又会说英文。 (Zhège háizi yòu huì shuō Hànyǔ, yòu huì shuō Yīngyǔ.)The child can speak both Chinese and English.
 这个男人个子又不高,性格又不好,所以没有女朋友。 (Zhège nánrén gèzi yòu bù gāo, xìnggé yòu bù hǎo, suǒyǐ méiyǒu nǚ péngyǒu.)This man is not tall and has a bad personality, so he doesn’t have a girlfriend.

Intermediate Level Coordinate Compound Sentences in Chinese

不是……,而是…… (búshì……, érshì……)她的问题不是不会做,而是不愿意做。 (Tā de wèntí búshì bù huì zuò, érshì bú yuànyì zuò.)Her problem is not that she doesn’t know how to do it, but rather she doesn’t want to do it.
 我的问题不是时间不够,而是管理不当。 (Wǒ de wèntí búshì shíjiān búgòu, érshì guǎnlǐ búdàng.)My problem is not that I don’t have enough time, but rather poor time management.
 他的成功不是运气,而是他的努力和决心。 (Tā de chénggōng búshì yùnqì, érshì tā de nǔlì hé juéxīn.)His success is not luck, but rather his effort and determination.
既……,又…… (jì ……,yòu……)这个饭馆的菜既好吃,又便宜。 (Zhège fànguǎn de cài jì hǎochī, yòu piányi.)The food at this restaurant is both delicious and cheap.
既……,也…… (jì ……,yě……)我既喜欢看电影,也喜欢听音乐。 (Wǒ jì xǐhuan kàn diànyǐng, yě xǐhuan tīng yīnyuè.)I like both watching movies and listening to music.
时而……,时而…… (shí’ér ……,shí’ér ……)我妈妈时而做中餐,时而做西餐。 (Wǒ māma shí’ér zuò zhōngcān, shí’ér zuò xīcān.)My mother sometimes cooks Chinese food and sometimes cooks Western food.
一时……一时…… (yìshí……,yìshí……)她一时想去旅游,一时又觉得太麻烦了。 (Tā yìshí xiǎng qù lǚyóu, yìshí yòu juéde tài máfan le.)She sometimes wants to go on a trip, but then she also feels it’s too troublesome.

Advanced Level Coordinate Compound Sentences in Chinese

一面……,一面…… (yímiàn……,yímiàn……)我一面学习汉语,一面学习中国文化。I am learning Chinese and studying Chinese culture at the same time.

Successive Complex Sentences 承接复句

A Successive Complex Sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where each clause builds upon the previous one in a consecutive or continuous manner. This type of sentence is commonly used to express a series of related ideas or events that occur one after the other.

Elementary Level Successive Complex Sentences in Chinese

先……,再…… (xiān……,zài……)你先把这封信寄出去,再打电话告诉我。 (Nǐ xiān bǎ zhè fēng xìn jì chūqù, zài dǎ diànhuà gàosu wǒ.)You should mail this letter first and then call me to let me know.
先……,然后…… (xiān……,ránhòu……)我先洗完衣服,然后做晚饭。 (Wǒ xiān xǐ wán yīfú, ránhòu zuò wǎnfàn.)I will finish washing clothes first, and then make dinner.
首先……,然后…… (shǒuxiān……,ránhòu……)首先,我要去银行取钱,然后,再去超市买东西。(Shǒuxiān, wǒ yào qù yínháng qǔ qián, ránhòu, zài qù chāoshì mǎi dōngxi.)First, I need to go to the bank to withdraw money, and then go to the supermarket to buy things.

Intermediate Level Successive Complex Sentences in Chinese

首先……,其次…… (shǒuxiān……,qícì……)首先,我们要把这个问题分析清楚,其次再做出决定。(Shǒuxiān, wǒmen yào bǎ zhège wèntí fēnxī qīngchǔ, qícì zài zuò chū juédìng.)First, we need to analyze this problem clearly and then make a decision.
……,于是…… (……,yúshì……)我看到天黑了,于是就关上了电视。 (Wǒ kàn dào tiān hēile, yúshì jiù guān shàngle diànshì.)I saw that it was getting dark, so I turned off the TV.
……便…… (……biàn……)他很饿,便去了餐厅。 (Tā hěn è, biàn qù le cāntīng.)He was very hungry, so he went to the restaurant.

Advanced Level Successive Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,此后…… (……,cǐhòu……)她做了个决定,此后她的生活就发生了很大的改变。After she made a decision, her life underwent significant changes.
起初……,……才…… (qǐchū……,……cái……)起初我没想到这个问题有多重要,直到他解释了一遍才明白了。At first, I didn’t realize how important this issue was until he explained it to me.

Progressive Complex Sentences 递进复句

A progressive complex sentence usually consists of two clauses. The first clause provides a context, and the second clause progressively expands on the meaning of the first clause. This type of sentence is used to show the relationship between the two clauses, and how the second clause builds on the ideas presented in the first clause.

Elementary Level Progressive Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,更…… (……,gèng ……)你不能只看成绩,更要看人品。 (Nǐ bùnéng zhǐ kàn chéngji, gèng yào kàn rén pǐn.)You can’t just look at the grades, but also look at the personality.
……,还…… (……,hái ……)这件衣服价格便宜,还很好看。 (Zhè jiàn yīfu jiàgé piányi, hái hěn hǎokàn.)This cloth is cheap and looks good.
不但……,而且…… (búdàn……, érqiě……)我不但会做菜,而且做得很好吃。 (Wǒ búdàn huì zuò cài, érqiě zuò de hěn hǎo chī.)I’m not only good at cooking, but also cook well.
……,并且…… (……,bìngqiě……)我学过汉语,并且学得很好。 (Wǒ xuéguò hànyǔ, bìngqiě xué de hěn hǎo.)I have studied Chinese and I have learned it very well.
不仅……,还…… (bùjǐn ……, hái……)这个房间不仅大,还漂亮。 (Zhège fángjiān bùjǐn dà, hái piàoliang.)This room is not only big, but also beautiful.
不光……,而且…… (bùguāng……, érqiě……)妈妈不光喜欢狗,而且养了三只。 (Māma bùguāng xǐhuān gǒu, érqiě yǎngle sān zhī.)My mother not only likes dogs, but also has three of them.

Intermediate Level Progressive Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,甚至…… (……, shènzhì……)她非常喜欢猫,甚至给自己的猫做了一床软床。 (Tā fēicháng xǐhuān māo, shènzhì gěi zìjǐ de māo zuòle yī chuáng ruǎn chuáng.)She loves cats so much that she even made a soft bed for her cat.
不但不……,反而…… (bùdànbù……,fǎn’ér…… )这家饭店不但不便宜,反而很贵。 (Zhè jiā fàndiàn bùdàn bù piányi, fǎn’ér hěn guì.)This restaurant is not only not cheap, but also very expensive.
不但没有……,反而…… (bùdàn méiyǒu……, fǎn’ér……)这次旅行不但没有让我放松,反而更累了。 (Zhè cì lǚxíng bùdàn méiyǒu ràng wǒ fàngsōng, fǎn’ér gèng lèile.)This trip not only didn’t relax me, but also made me even more tired.
不是……,还…… (bùshì……, hái……)这个游戏不是很有趣,还很费时间。 (Zhège yóuxì bùshì hěn yǒuqù, hái hěn fèi shíjiān.)This game is not very interesting, and it also takes a lot of time.
不是……,还是…… (bùshì……, háishì……)学好中文不是努力就够了,还是要有好的方法。 (Xuéhǎo zhōngwén bùshì nǔlì jiù gòule, háishì yào yǒu hǎo de fāngfǎ.)To learn Chinese well is not just hard work, but a good method.
连……也……,……更…… (lián……yě……, ……gèng……)连小孩子也知道这道题怎么做,更别提你这个大人了。 (Lián xiǎo háizi yě zhīdào zhè dào tí zěnme zuò, gèng biétí nǐ zhège dàrén le.)Even a child knows how to solve this question, not to mention you as an adult.
连……都……,……更…… (lián……dōu……, ……gèng……)连我这个不爱裙子的人都觉得这条裙子好看,更何况是喜欢裙子的你呢? (Lián wǒ zhège bù ài qúnzi de rén dōu juéde zhè tiáo qúnzi hǎokàn, gèng hékuàng shì xǐhuān qúnzi de nǐ ne?)Even I, someone who doesn’t like skirt, think this skirt is pretty, let alone you, who loves skirt.

Advanced Level Progressive Complex Sentences in Chinese

别说……,连……也…… (biéshuō……, lián……yě……)我太累了。别说吃饭了,连出门的力气也没有了。I’m too tired. Let alone eating, there is no energy to even go out.
别说……,连……都…… (biéshuō……, lián……dōu……)别说参加会议了,连文件都还没写完。Let alone attending the meeting, the documents haven’t even been finished.
连……也……,别说…… (lián……yě……, bié shuō……)这件事情连我们老板也不知道,别说你这个普通员工了。Even our boss doesn’t know about this, let alone you, an ordinary employee.
连……都……,别说…… (lián……dōu……, bié shuō……)这道数学题连我这个小学生都能做,别说你这个大学生了。Even I, a primary school student, can solve this math problem, let alone you, a college student.
别说……,即使……也……; (biéshuō……, jíshǐ……yě……)别说去海外旅行了,即使是去隔壁城市,也需要提前安排好住宿和交通。Not to mention traveling abroad, even going to the neighboring city requires advance arrangements for accommodation and transportation.
即使……也……,别说…… (jíshǐ……yě……, biéshuō…… ……)即使做瑜伽也需要一定的体能,别说跑马拉松了。Not to mention running a marathon, even doing yoga requires certain physical fitness.
……,何况…… (……, hékuàng……)我已经累得走不动了,何况还要爬山呢?I am already so tired that I can’t even walk, let alone climb a mountain.
……,进而…… (……, jìn’ér……)为了提高生产效率,我们首先进行了设备升级,进而引进了先进的生产技术。In order to improve production efficiency, we first upgraded our equipment, and then introduced advanced production technologies.
……,况且…… (……, kuàngqiě……)这个方案的成本太高了,况且效果不一定好,我们需要重新考虑。The cost of this plan is too high, besides, the effect is not necessarily good, we need to reconsider.
连……,更不用说…… (lián……, gèng bùyòng shuō……)他连自己都不能照顾,更不用说照顾孩子们了。He can’t even take care of himself, let alone the children.
……,乃至…… (……, nǎizhì……)这家餐厅的服务非常好,乃至可以和五星级酒店的餐厅相比。The quality of the service in this restaurant is very good, and it can even be compared to the restaurants in five-star hotels.
……,且…… (……, qiě……)这种食品不但卖相好,且很健康。This kind of food not only looks good, but is also very healthy.
……,甚至于…… (……, shènzhì yú……)我们在学校学了很多知识,甚至于比一些成年人还要多。We learned a lot of knowledge in school, even more than some adults.

The Alternative complex sentences 选择复句

“选择” (xuǎn zé) means “choice” or “option.” An alternative complex sentence is a type of sentence that presents two or more options or alternatives within the sentence. This is often done to list contrasting or opposing ideas, or to show different choices or courses of action that can be taken.

Elementary Level Alternative Complex Sentences in Chinese

(是)……,(还是)…… (shì)……,(háishì)……你是去旅行,还是留在家里看电影? (Nǐ shì qù lǚxíng, háishì liú zài jiālǐ kàn diànyǐng?)Are you go traveling or stay at home to watch a movie?
不是……,就是…… (bùshì……, jiùshì……今天中午我不是吃中餐,就是吃西餐。 (Jīntiān zhōngwǔ wǒ bùshì chī zhōngcān, jiùshì chī xīcān.)For lunch today, I either eat Chinese food or Western food.

Intermediate Level Alternative Complex Sentences in Chinese

或者……,或者…… (huòzhě……, huòzhě……)今天晚上我们或者去看电影,或者在家看电视剧,都可以。 (Jīntiān wǎnshàng wǒmen huòzhě qù kàn diànyǐng, huòzhě zài jiā kàn diànshìjù, dōu kěyǐ.)Tonight we can either go watch a movie or stay at home to watch a TV series, both are fine.
或是……,或是…… (huò shì……, huò shì……)这个周末我们或是去爬山,或是去海边玩,看天气怎么样吧。 (Zhège zhōumò women huòshì qù páshān, huòshì qù hǎibiān wán, kàn tiānqì zěnme yàng ba.)This weekend I can either go hiking or play at the beach, depending on the weather.
要么……,要么…… (yàome……, yàome……)你要么现在睡觉,要么出来写作业。 (Nǐ yàome xiànzài shuìjiào, yàome chūlái xiě zuòyè.)You either go to sleep now, or come out and do your homework.

Advanced Level Alternative Complex Sentences in Chinese

或……,或…… (huò……, huò……)或分手,或结婚,你选吧!Or break up, or get married, you choose!
宁可……,也…… (nìngkě……, yě……)宁可错过机会,也不要做错事情。Better to miss an opportunity than to do something wrong.
宁愿……,也…… (nìngyuàn……, yě……)他宁愿辞职也不愿意跟那个老板一起工作。He would rather quit than work with that boss.
与其……,不如…… (yǔqí……, bùrú……)与其担心未来的事情,不如把握当下的机会。It is better to seize the opportunity now than to worry about the future.
与其……,宁可…… (yǔqí……, nìngkě……)与其迟到,宁可早到等待。Rather than being late, I’d rather arrive early and wait.
与其……,宁愿…… (yǔqí……, nìngyuàn……) 与其忍受这种不公平,我宁愿辞职不干了。Rather than tolerating this kind of unfair treatment, I’d rather resign and not work here anymore.

The Adversative Complex Sentences 转折复句

An Adversative Complex Sentence usually consists of two clauses, which present a contrast or contradiction between them. These types of sentences are used to indicate a shift in the direction or tone of the sentence. They are often used to express a change in thoughts or actions, and to show a difference in ideas or concepts being presented in the sentence.

Elementary Level Adversative Complex Sentences in Chinese

虽然……,但是…… (suīrán……,dànshì……)虽然她不喜欢学习,但是她很聪明,每次都能考第一。 (Suīrán tā bù xǐhuān xuéxí, dànshì tā hěn cōngmíng, měi cì dōu néng kǎo dì yī.)Although she doesn’t like studying, she is very smart and can take the first place in the exam every time.
虽然……,可是…… (suīrán……,kěshì……)这个星期很冷,可是大家都没有感冒。 (Zhège xīngqī hěn lěng, kěshì dàjiā dōu méiyǒu gǎnmào.)Although it was cold this week, no one had a cold.
……XX,就是…… (……X shì X, jiùshì……)他帅是帅,就是太矮了。 (Tā shuài shì shuài, jiùshì tài ǎile.)He is handsome, but he is too short.
……XX,不过…… (……X shì X, bùguò……)我对他喜欢是喜欢,不过还不够了解。 (Wǒ duì tā xǐhuān shì xǐhuān, bùguò hái bùgòu liǎojiě.)I like him, but I don’t know enough about him.

Intermediate Level Adversative Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,然而…… (……, rán’ér……)我本来打算今天要去跑步,然而天气太差了。 (Wǒ běnlái dǎsuàn jīntiān yào qù pǎobù, rán’ér tiānqì tài chà le.)I planned to go running today, however, the weather is too bad.
尽管……,但是…… (jǐnguǎn……, dànshì……)尽管下雨了,但是他还是去跑步了。 (Jǐnguǎn xiàyǔ le, dànshì tā háishì qù pǎobù le.)Despite the rain, he still went for a run.
尽管……,可是…… (jǐnguǎn……, kěshì……)尽管考试很难,可是我还是决定去尝试一下。 (Jǐnguǎn kǎoshì hěn nán, kěshì wǒ háishì juédìng qù chángshì yīxià.)Despite the difficult exam, I still decided to give it a try.
虽……,但…… (suī……, dàn……)天气虽热,但我还是坚持每天去跑步。 (Tiānqì suī rè, dàn wǒ háishì jiānchí měi tiān qù pǎobù.)Although the weather is hot, I still insist on going jogging every day.
虽……,可…… (suī……, kě……)他虽很忙,可还是抽时间来参加我的生日派对了。 (Tā suī hěn máng, kě hái shì chōu shíjiān lái cānjiā wǒ de shēngrì pàiduìle.)Although he is very busy, he still took the time to attend my birthday party.
虽……,却…… (suī……, què……)这个餐厅的菜虽不便宜,却很健康。 (Zhège cāntīng de cài suī bù piányi, què hěn jiànkāng.)The food in this restaurant is not cheap, but healthy.
虽……,也…… (suī……, yě……)她虽脾气不好,也还是让人喜欢。 (Tā suī píqì bù hǎo, yě háishì ràng rén xǐhuān.)Although she has a bad temper, she is still likable.

Advanced Level Adversative Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,而……(则)…… (……, Ér……(zé)……)她一直在学习,而他则一直在玩游戏。She has been studying all along, while he has been playing games.
……,……倒…… (……, ……dào……)她去旅行之前很紧张,但是到了目的地倒觉得很轻松。She was very nervous before traveling, but once she arrived at the destination, she actually felt very relaxed.
……,……反倒…… (……, ……fǎndào……)我想多睡一会儿,但喝了咖啡反倒更清醒了。I wanted to sleep a little longer, but after drinking coffee, I became even more awake.

Hypothetical Complex Sentences 假设复句

A Hypothetical Complex Sentence usually consists of two clauses. The first clause presents a hypothetical situation or assumption, often introduced by words or phrases such as ‘如果’ (rú guǒ, ‘if’), ‘假如’ (jiǎ rú, ‘suppose that’), or ‘要是’ (yào shì, ‘in case that’). The second clause shows the possible consequences or outcomes of that condition. These sentences are commonly used to express imagined or possible scenarios, and to speculate about the results of different conditions.

Elementary Level Hypothetical Complex Sentences in Chinese

如果……,就…… (rúɡuǒ……,jiù……)如果你通过HSK3级,我就请你吃饭。 (Rúɡuǒ nǐ tōnɡɡuò HSK3 jí, wǒ jiù qǐnɡ nǐ chīfàn.)If you pass HSK Level 3, I will treat you to dinner.
……的话,就…… (……dehuà, jiù……)他不去开会的话,老板要生气了。 (Tā bù qù kāihuì dehuà, lǎobǎn jiù yào shēngqìle.)If he doesn’t go to meeting, the boss will be angry.
要是……,就…… (Yàoshì……,jiù……)要是你学习努力,就一定可以考上好大学。 (Yào shì nǐ xuéxí nǔlì, jiù yídìng kěyǐ kǎo shàng hǎo dàxué.)If you study hard, you will definitely be able to get into a good university.

Intermediate Level Hypothetical Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,否则…… (……,fǒuzé……)外出时必须锁好门窗,否则可能会有不必要的麻烦。 (Wàichū shí bìxū suǒ hǎo ménchuāng, fǒuzé kěnéng huì yǒu bùbìyào de máfan.)you must lock your doors and windows when going out, otherwise, you may encounter unnecessary troubles.
假如……,(就)…… (Jiǎrú……,jiù……)假如你今天不来,就请提前通知我们。 (Jiǎrú nǐ jīntiān bù lái, jiù qǐng tíqián tōngzhī wǒmen.)If you can’t come today, please let us know in advance.
万一……,(就)…… (Wàn yī……,jiù……)万一下雨了,我们就呆在家里看电影吧。 (Wàn yī xià yǔ le, wǒmen jiù dāi zài jiā lǐ kàn diàn yǐng ba.)If it rains, let’s just stay at home and watch movies.
一旦……,就…… (Yīdàn……,jiù……)一旦你迟到了,我就先去找座位了。 (Yīdàn nǐ chí dào le, wǒ jiù xiān qù zhǎo zuò wèi le.)Once you are late, I’ll go find seats first.
要是……,(就)……,否则…… (Yàoshì……,jiù ……,fǒuzé……)要是你生病了,就记得要多喝水,否则不容易好。 (Yàoshì nǐ shēngbìngle, jiù jìdé yào duō hē shuǐ, fǒuzé bù róngyì hǎo.)In case you are sick, remember to drink plenty of water, otherwise it will not be easy to recover.
……,要不然…… (……,yào bùrán……)我们得早点出发,要不然会迟到。 (Wǒmen děi zǎodiǎn chūfā, yào bùrán huì chídào.)We need to leave early, otherwise we will be late.
……,不然…… (……,bùrán……)今天一定要带伞,不然下雨的话就糟糕了。 (Jīntiān yídìng yào dài sǎn, bùrán xià yǔ dehuà jiù zāogāo le.)We must bring an umbrella today, otherwise it will be terrible if it rains.

Advanced Level Hypothetical Complex Sentences in Chinese

倘若………… (tǎngruò……, ……)倘若明天天气不好,我们就改日再去吧。If the weather is bad tomorrow, let’s postpone our trip.
………… (ruò……, ……)若你迟到了,我就先走了。If you’re late, I’ll leave first.
倘若……,就/()…… (tǎngruò……, jiù/nà (me)……)倘若你不喜欢这个菜,那么我可以换一个给你。If you don’t like this dish, I can order a different one for you.
假设……,就/()…… (jiǎshè……, jiù/nà (me)……)假设我们得到了足够的资金,那么我们就可以开始实施计划了。If we have enough funding, then we can start implementing the plan.
假若……,就/()…… (jiǎruò……, jiù/nà (me)……)假若他不来,我们只能自己解决问题了。If he doesn’t come, we will have to solve the problem ourselves.
……,就/()…… (ruò……, jiù/nà (me)……)若你有任何问题,那么随时都可以问我。If you have any questions, feel free to ask me at any time.
幸亏……,要不然…… (xìngkuī……, yào bùrán……)幸亏你及时出现,要不然我就迟到了。Luckily, you appeared in time, otherwise I would have been late.
幸亏……,不然…… (xìngkuī……, bùrán……)幸亏下雨了,不然今天的火灾可能就无法扑灭了。Fortunately, it rained, otherwise today’s fire might not have been able to be extinguished.
幸亏……,要不…… (xìngkuī……, yào bù……)幸亏我听从了医生的建议,要不我的病情可能会恶化。Luckily, I followed the doctor’s advice, otherwise my condition might have worsened.
幸亏……,否则…… (xìngkuī……, fǒuzé……)幸亏你提醒我带伞,否则我就淋湿了。Thanks for reminding me to bring an umbrella, otherwise I would have gotten soaked.

Conditional Complex Sentences 条件复句

A Conditional Complex Sentence usually consists of two clauses. The first clause expresses a hypothetical condition or certain situation. The second clause indicates the consequences or outcomes of that situation. This type of sentence presents a result that will occur if a particular condition is met. These sentences are commonly used to express possibilities and to speculate about the results of different conditions.

Elementary Level Conditional Complex Sentences in Chinese

只要……,就…… (zhǐyào ……, jiù……)只要不下雨,我就和你去商场。 (Zhǐyào bù xiàyǔ, wǒ jiù hé nǐ qù shāngchǎng.)As long as it doesn’t rain, I will go to the mall with you.
只有……,才…… (zhǐyǒu……,cái……)只有我们一起努力,才能取得第一名。 (Zhǐyǒu wǒmen yīqǐ nǔlì, cáinéng qǔdé dì yī míng.)Only when we work together can we achieve the first place.

Intermediate Level Conditional Complex Sentences in Chinese

不管……,都…… (bùguǎn……,dōu……)不管今天天气如何,我们都要去爬山。 (Bù guǎn jīntiān tiānqì rúhé, wǒmen dōu yào qù páshān.)Regardless of the weather today, we are going to climb the mountain.
不管……,也…… (bùguǎn……,yě……)不管你说什么,他也不会改变自己的想法。 (Bù guǎn nǐ shuō shénme, tā yě bù huì gǎibiàn zìjǐ de xiǎngfǎ.)Regardless of what you say, he will not change his mind.
无论……,都…… (wúlùn ……,dōu……)无论你去不去,我都会去参加派对。 (Wúlùn nǐ qù bù qù, wǒ dōu huì qù cānjiā pàiduì.)Regardless of whether you go or not, I will attend the party.
无论……,也…… (wúlùn ……,yě……)无论你去不去,我也会继续前进。 (Wúlùn nǐ qù bù qù, wǒ yě huì jìxù qiánjìn.)No matter whether you go or not, I will continue to move forward.
除非……,才…… (chú fēi ……,cái……)除非下雨,才会推迟比赛。 (Chú fēi xià yǔ, cái huì tuī chí bǐ sài.)The game will only be postponed if it rains.
除非……,否则…… (chú fēi ……,fǒu zé……)除非明天放假,否则我不能去旅游。 (Chú fēi míng tiān fàng jià, fǒu zé wǒ bù néng qù lǚ yóu.)Unless there’s a holiday tomorrow, otherwise I cannot go traveling.
除非……,不然…… (chú fēi……,bùrán……)除非你早点出发,不然你会迟到的。 (Chú fēi nǐ zǎo diǎn chūfā, bùrán nǐ huì chídào de.)Unless you leave earlier, otherwise you will be late.
凡是……,都…… (fán shì ……,dōu……)凡是我让他做的事情,他都尽力完成了。 (Fán shì wǒ ràng tā zuò de shìqíng, tā dōu jìnlì wánchéngle.)He tried his best to complete everything I asked him to do.

Advanced Level Conditional Complex Sentences in Chinese

别管……,都…… (biéguǎn……, dōu……)别管他是谁,只要他能帮助我们就行了。It doesn’t matter who he is, as long as he can help us.
任……,也…… (rèn……, yě……)任你再有钱,也买不到幸福。No matter how much money you have, you can’t buy happiness.

Cause-effect Complex Sentences 因果复句

A Cause-effect Complex Sentence usually consists of two clauses: one clause indicating a certain cause and the other indicating the effect it will have. These sentences are often introduced by words or phrases such as ‘因为’ (yīn wèi, ‘because’), ‘所以’ (suǒ yǐ, ‘therefore’), or ‘由于’ (yóu yú, ‘due to’). Cause-effect complex sentences are commonly used to explain the reasons behind a certain result or to show the consequences of a particular action or event. They can help to clarify the relationship between different ideas and events, and to show how they are related.

Elementary Level Cause-effect Complex Sentences in Chinese

因为……,所以…… (yīnwèi……, suǒyǐ……)因为下雪,所以我们没去学校。 (Yīnwèi xià xuě, suǒyǐ wǒmen méi qù xuéxiào.)We didn’t go to the school because of snow.
 因为我起得太晚了,所以迟到了。 (Yīnwèi wǒ qǐ de tài wǎnle, suǒyǐ chídàole.)Because I got up too late, I was late.
(由于)……,所以…… (yóuyú……, suǒyǐ……)由于他的失误,所以我们输掉了比赛。 (Yóuyú tā de shīwù, suǒyǐ wǒmen shū diào le bǐsài.)Due to his mistake, we lost the game.
(由于)……,因此…… (yóuyú……, yīncǐ……)我熬夜看球赛,因此今天早上起床很困。 (Wǒ áo yè kàn qiúsài, yīncǐ jīntiān zǎoshang qǐchuáng hěn kùn.)I stayed up late to watch a soccer game, so I’m very tired this morning.

Intermediate Level Cause-effect Complex Sentences in Chinese

既然……,就…… (jìrán……,jiù……)既然你不喜欢她,你们就别一起吃饭了。 (Jìrán nǐ bù xǐhuān tā, nǐmen jiù bié yīqǐ chīfànle.)Since you don’t like her, you don’t have dinner together.
……,可见…… (……,kějiàn……)她的成绩非常优秀,可见她付出了很多努力。 (Tā de chéngjì fēicháng yōuxiù, kějiàn tā fùchūle hěn duō nǔlì.)Her grades are excellent, which shows that she has put in a lot of effort.
……,因而…… (……,yīn’ér……)这个工作的难度非常大,因而我们需要更多的训练。 (Zhège gōngzuò de nándù fēicháng dà, yīn’ér wǒmen xūyào gèng duō de xùnliàn.)This job is very difficult, so we need more training.

Advanced Level Cause-effect Complex Sentences in Chinese

(因)……,故…… (yīn)……, gù…… 我因工作原因,故未能参会,深表歉意。I apologize for not being able to attend the meeting due to work reasons.
鉴于……,…… (jiànyú……, ……)鉴于你的良好表现,我们决定让你重新回到学校。In view of your good performance, we have decided to send you back to school.
(由于)……,以致…… ((yóuyú)……, yǐzhì……)由于这场比赛的失败,球队的排名下降了,以致无法参加下一阶段的比赛。Due to the failure in this match, the team’s ranking has dropped, resulting in the inability to participate in the next stage of the competition.
……,以至于…… (……, yǐ zhìyú……)外面下了那么大的雨,以至于我连路上的标志都看不清了。It rained so heavily outside that I couldn’t even see the signs on the road.
之所以……,是因为…… (zhī suǒyǐ……, shì yīnwèi……)我们之所以不参加这个活动,是因为老板不同意。The reason why we didn’t participate in this activity was because the boss didn’t agree.
之所以……,是由于…… (zhī suǒyǐ……, shì yóuyú……)之所以我选择这个专业,是由于我对这个领域的热爱和兴趣。The reason why I chose this major is because of my passion and interest in this field.

The Purpose Complex Sentences 目的复句

A Purpose Complex Sentence usually consists of two clauses. It expresses why someone does something or explains the intended result or outcome of a particular action or event. Purpose complex sentences are often introduced by words or phrases such as “为了” (wèi le, “in order to”), “以便” (yǐ biàn, “so that”).

Elementary Level Purpose Complex Sentences in Chinese

为了……,…… (Wèile……,……)为了学好中文,我每天都和朋友练习。 (Wèile xuéhǎo zhōngwén, wǒ měitiān dū hé péngyǒu liànxí.)In order to learn Chinese well, I practice with my friends every day.

Intermediate Level Purpose Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,为的是…… (……,wèi de shì ……)我每天都跑步,为的是以后能参加马拉松比赛。 (Wǒ měitiān dū pǎobù, wèi de shì yǐhòu néng cānjiā mǎlāsōng bǐsài.)I run every day so that I can run a marathon later.
……,以便…… (……,yǐbiàn……)我会每天给你打电话,以便沟通最新的会议内容。 (Wǒ huì měitiān gěi nǐ dǎ diànhuà, yǐbiàn gōutōng zuìxīn de huìyì nèiróng.)I will call you daily to communicate the latest meeting content.

Advanced Level Purpose Complex Sentences in Chinese

……,以…… (……,yǐ……)我们要注意用水量,以节约成本。  We must pay attention to water consumption to save costs.
……,以免…… (……,yǐmiǎn……)快别考虑了,以免最后的机会都抓不住了。  Don’t think about it, lest you miss the last chance.
……,免得…… (……,miǎndé……)我们得加快生产进度,免得被对手打败。We have to speed up the production schedule so as not to be defeated by our opponents.

Concessive Complex Sentences 让步复句

A Concessive Complex Sentence often consists with two clauses. One clause often proposed a hypothetical situation, while the other indicates that the result won’t change, regardless of the assumed situation.

Intermediate Level Concessive Complex Sentences in Chinese

哪怕……,也…… (nǎpà……,yě……)哪怕下雨天,我也要去上课。 (Nǎpà xià yǔtiān, wǒ yě yào qù shàngkè.)Even if it rains, I still have to go to class.
哪怕……,还…… (nǎpà……,hái……)哪怕迟到了,他还是要去开会。 (Nǎpà chídào le, tā háishì yào qù kāihuì.)Even if he’s late, he still has to attend the meeting.
即使……,也…… (jíshǐ……,yě……)即使失败了一次,我们也不能放弃。 (Jíshǐ shībài le yīcì, wǒmen yě bùnéng fàngqì.)Even if we fail once, we cannot give up.
就算……也…… (jiùsuàn……,yě……)就算下雪我也要去接孩子放学。 (Jiùsuàn xià xuě wǒ yě yào qù jiē háizi fàngxué. )Even if it snows, I have to pick up the kids from school.
就是……也…… (jiùshì……,yě……)就是大家一起劝我,我也不愿去这个城市旅游。 (Jiùshì dàjiā yì qǐ quàn wǒ, wǒ yě bù yuàn qù zhège chéngshì lǚyóu.)Even if everyone persuades me, I don’t want to travel to this city.

Advanced Level Concessive Complex Sentences in Chinese

固然……,也…… (gùrán……, yě……)固然她有不对,你也不能当众指责她。  Although she is wrong, you can’t accuse her in public.
……固然……,但是…… (……gùrán……, dànshì……)这个机会固然很难得,但是我们需要考虑风险。Although this opportunity is rare, we need to consider the risks.
……固然……,可是…… (……gùrán……, kěshì……)这个地方固然很美,可是人太多了。Although this place is very beautiful, there are too many people.
……固然……,不过…… (……gùrán……, búguò……)她固然年轻漂亮,不过并不是一个好人。Although she is young and beautiful, she is not a good person.
即使……,也…… (jíshǐ……, yě……)即使政府不支持这个项目,我们也要想办法努力。Even if the government does not support this project, we have to find ways to work hard.
虽说……,但是…… (suīshuō……, dànshì……)虽说这个手机功能很多,但是不太容易使用。Although this phone has many features, it’s not very easy to use.
虽说……,可是…… (suīshuō……, kěshì……)虽说他工作努力,可是公司没有给他升职。Although he works hard, the company didn’t promote him.
虽说……,不过…… (suīshuō……, búguò……)虽说我也喜欢这个孩子,不过我不同意他来这个班上课。Although I also like this child, I don’t agree with him coming to this class.
纵然……,也…… (zòngrán……, yě……)纵然付出了那么多努力,有时候努力也比不上运气。Even with so much hard work, sometimes hard work is not as good as luck.

Exercises

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