“Ba” Sentence（1）- “把”字句

“Ba” Sentence（1）- “把”字句

把 Sentence is a very special but commonly used structure in Chinese, which focuses on the result or the influence of action. One of its key features is that it brings the object of the verb closer to the front of the sentence and precedes it with a 把, instead of the regular SVO (subject + verb + object).

Subject + 把 + object + verb + ……

In Chinese, 把 sentence can be used to indicate a certain action done on a definite person or thing. This type of 把 sentence is often used to request or order other people to do something. Note that subject is the agent of the action, the object is the patient. The subject and object of 把 Sentence should be specific or known by the speaker and listeners in the context.

e.g.

The regular sentence: 你关一下门。(Nǐ guān yīxià mén.)

>> 你把门关一下。(Nǐ bǎmén guān yīxià.) You close the door.

 

The regular sentence: 帮我还书吧。(Bāng wǒ huán shū ba.)

>> 帮我把书还了吧。(Bāng wǒ bǎ shū huán le ba.) Please return the book for me.

 

The regular sentence: 请你洗碗。(Qǐng nǐ xǐ wǎn.)

>> 请你把碗洗了。(Qǐng nǐ bǎ wǎn xǐ le.) Please wash the dishes.

 

The regular sentence: 我忘了你的电话号码。(Wǒ wàngle nǐ de diànhuà hàomǎ.)

>> 我把你的电话号码忘了。(Wǒ bǎ nǐ de diànhuà hàomǎ wàngle.) I forgot your phone number.

Note：

If there is a negative adverb or a modal verb etc., it should precede “把”. And the negative form for “把” should use “没” “没有” or “别” other than “不.”

e.g.

我没把门打开。(Wǒ méi bǎ mén dǎkāi.) I didn’t open the door.

你别把雨伞忘了。(Nǐ bié bǎ yǔsǎn wàngle.) Don’t forget your umbrella.

我不可以把电脑给你。(Wǒ bù kěyǐ bǎ diànnǎo gěi nǐ.) I can’t give you the computer.

你能把电视关了吗？(Nǐ néng bǎ diànshì guānle ma?) Can you turn off the TV?

Subject + 把 + object + verb + 在/到 + location

把 Sentence is often used to indicate a certain action is done on a definite person or thing and has changed the location of the person or thing.

e.g.

The regular sentence: 我放手机在包里了。(Wǒ fàng shǒujī zài bāo lǐle.)

>> 我把手机放在包里了。(Wǒ bǎ shǒujī fàng zài bāo lǐ le.) I put the cellphone in the bag.

 

The regular sentence: 老师放书在桌子上了。(Lǎoshī fàng shū zài zhuōzi shàngle.)

>> 老师把书放在桌子上了。(Lǎoshī bǎ shū fàng zài zhuōzi shàngle.) The teacher put the book on the table.

 

The regular sentence: 他们扔球到教室外面了。(Tāmen rēng qiú dào jiàoshì wàimiàn le.)

>> 他们把球扔到教室外面了。(Tāmen bǎ qiú rēng dào jiàoshì wàimiàn le.) They threw the ball outside the classroom.

 

The regular sentence: 我送朋友到车站了。(Wǒ sòng péngyǒu dào chēzhànle.)

>> 我把朋友送到车站了。(Wǒ bǎ péngyǒu sòng dào chēzhànle.) I sent my friend to the station.

Subject + 把 + object 1 + verb (+给) + object 2

This structure is used when an action has changed the owner or user of a definite object.

e.g.

The regular sentence: 我送花给老师了。(Wǒ sòng huā gěi lǎoshī le.)

>> 我把花送给老师了。(Wǒ bǎ huā sòng gěi lǎoshīle.) I sent flowers to the teacher.

 

The regular sentence: 他还钱给我了。(Tā huán qián gěi wǒ le.)

>> 他把钱还给我了。(Tā bǎ qián huán gěi wǒ le.) He returned the money to me.

 

The regular sentence: 请带书给你丈夫。(Qǐng dài shū gěi nǐ zhàngfu.)

>> 请把书带给你丈夫。(Qǐng bǎ shū dài gěi nǐ zhàngfu.) Please bring the book to your husband.

 

The regular sentence: 你能借这条裤子给我吗？(Nǐ néng jiè zhè tiáo kùzi gěi wǒ ma?)

>> 你能把这条裤子借给我吗？(Nǐ néng bǎ zhè tiáo kùzi jiè gěi wǒ ma?) Can you lend me these pants?

Subject + 把 + object + verb + complement of result/direction/state

This structure can be used to indicate an action that is done on a definite person or thing and has brought a result to or has changed the position or state of the person or thing.

e.g.

The regular sentence: 我洗干净了衣服。(Wǒ xǐ gānjìngle yīfu.)

>> 我把衣服洗干净了。(Wǒ bǎ yīfu xǐ gānjìngle.) I washed my clothes clean.

 

The regular sentence: 他洗好了这些菜。(Tā xǐ hǎole zhèxiē cài.)

>> 他把这些菜洗好了。(Tā bǎ zhèxiē cài xǐ hǎole.) He washed these veggies.

 

The regular sentence: 请大家交手机上来。(Qǐng dàjiā jiāo shǒujī shànglái.)

>> 请大家把手机交上来。(Qǐng dàjiā bǎ shǒujī jiāo shànglái.) Please hand in your mobile phones.

 

The regular sentence: 你能拿我的钱包过来吗？(Nǐ néng ná wǒ de qiánbāo guòlái ma?)

>> 你能把我的钱包拿过来吗？(Nǐ néng bǎ wǒ de qiánbāo ná guòlái ma?) Can you bring my wallet over here?

 

The regular sentence: 孩子们洗手洗得干干净净的。(Háizimen xǐshǒu xǐ de gāngānjìngjìng de.)

>> 孩子们把手洗得干干净净的。(Háizimen bǎ shǒu xǐ de gāngānjìngjìng de.) The children wash their hands clean.

 

The regular sentence: 下午我放房间里的书放得整整齐齐的。(Xiàwǔ wǒ fàng fángjiān lǐ de shū fàng de zhěngzhěngqíqí de.)

>> 下午我把房间里的书放得整整齐齐的。(Xiàwǔ wǒ bǎ fángjiān lǐ de shū fàng de zhěngzhěngqíqí de.) I put the books in the room neatly in the afternoon.